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英语常用语法:句子转折词的桥梁
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“They are wasting resources, for example, time, energy and money.”# c* Q9 g" B0 o! d; I
上面这句话不错,只是转折词“for example”不妥当;应该这样:) `- m- m. b. q1 M) f
“They are wasting resources. For example, they use too much time, energy and money.”1 @) p" d- G. T7 r
不然就要换一换转折词,改用“such as”或“like”:' i! i }- a" ?4 F# C S
“They are wasting resources, such as (or like) time, energy and money.”
* ]2 m4 A. v _; y 不管任何语言,转折词(transitional words)都扮演着一个重要角色,就是:承先启后,使句子紧凑,段落相吸,对文章结构,有良性作用。但是有些人几乎没有采用转折词的习惯,结果文句松散,上下文七零八乱,应该避免。6 j; a( b+ v/ s. C( g
现在把主要转折词,分类列下,供大家参考。6 W6 m/ J$ m) P( j4 H
Ⅰ表示“尤有进者”的意思:! n0 q& O# g% ~6 K' W/ L
Again, also, then, besides, further, furthermore, moreover, next, in addition等,如:1 l ~" O/ F( h( D
① Jason teaches diligently. Besides, he writes a lot.0 w3 x5 w7 a" O7 E
② English is a useful language. For one thing, it is an official language in the UN. Then, it is widely used in business, science and technology.
* s9 K/ h* P' [: v1 u& t# t Ⅱ表示“反意见”:/ }$ k8 w; \* \% X) r4 H$ U2 s1 g
But, however, still, yet, after all, for all that, in spite of, on the contrary, on the other hand等,如:( A$ ~5 Q1 v- g0 F+ n8 a
③ Jim is intelligent but lazy.) U' T$ n9 d- n7 K4 _
④ Singapore is not a big country.On the contrary, it is very small.
8 Y! I. R+ s+ U& d Ⅲ表示“困果关系”:
* R( p% s2 g- t# c) ^ Therefore, so, hence, thus, accordingly, consequently, as a result 等,如:3 o3 L% f/ k$ I
⑤ Some people are over-ambitious. As a result, they are usually unhappy.* b2 k( V! [, C( H+ S8 K
⑥ Tom did not work hard; hence, he failed.( ^) S& p5 L$ Q' A6 v
Ⅳ表示“比较关系”:
# A9 r3 H. l- w; Z Likewise, similarly, in a like manner 等,如:, q% I5 }& V5 z- D! ^# v# a; s" t
⑦ You cannot writes without a pen. Likewise, you cannot cook without rice.7 ~; f* z5 {6 K
⑧ No one is allowed to speak Mandarin in an English class. Similarly, no one is allowed to speak English in a Mandarin class.3 G; y" P3 W% v. m* b
Ⅴ表示“举例示范”:
x- _7 u/ b% h( k( g For example, in other words, for instance, that is 等,如:
N# W8 P5 ?1 ?8 O ⑨ There are some common errors in his composition. For instance, it is wrong to use "he" to replace "the queen".4 b: N* `( o% }4 C$ r
Ⅵ表示“结束”:
* ~. ^ s+ B$ t9 d- G/ Q6 I To sum up, in brief, in short, on the whole, to conclude 等,如:) S6 L: }% _/ A2 w6 b9 V$ v" e; u
⑩ Some say Singapore is a nice place to live in. Others say it is not so nice. It is too competitive. In short, some like Singapore; some do not.
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